Rescue and fire fighting services and snow plan

AD 1.2 Rescue and fire fighting services and snow plan

1 Rescue and fire fighting services

Adequate rescue and fire fighting vehicles, equipment and personnel are available at all aerodromes open to international commercial air transport.

The level of protection available is determined by the aerodrome category. Each rescue and fire fighting service is under the supervision and full service on a 24 hour basis is normally provided.

Note.– For heliports, special rules will apply.

Information about whether there is service or not and also the extent of the service is given on the relevant page for each aerodrome. Scheduled or non-scheduled traffic with aircraft carrying passengers are not allowed to use aerodromes without Rescue and Fire Fighting Services.

Each individual service is categorized according to the table shown below. Temporary changes will be published by NOTAM.

Aerodrome category	Foam meeting performance level A		Foam meeting performance level B		Foam meeting performance level C		Complementary agent
Aerodrome category	Water (L)	Discharge rate foam solution/ minute (L)	Water (L)	Discharge rate foam solution/ minute (L)	Water (L)	Discharge rate foam solution/ minute (L)	Dry chemical powders (kg)	Discharge Rate (kg/second)
(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)	(5)	(6)	(7)	(8)	(9)
1	350	350	230	230	160	160	45	2.25
2	1000	800	670	550	460	360	90	2.25
3	1800	1300	1200	900	820	630	135	2.25
4	3600	2600	2400	1800	1700	1100	135	2.25
5	8100	4500	5400	3000	3900	2200	180	2.25
6	11800	6000	7900	4000	5800	2900	225	2.25
7	18200	7900	12100	5300	8800	3800	225	2.25
8	27300	10800	18200	7200	12800	5100	450	4.5
9	36400	13500	24300	9000	17100	6300	450	4.5
10	48200	16600	32300	11200	22800	7900	450	4.5

2 Snow plan

2.1 Snow removal priorities

To assure the safety and regularity of flights and the adequate use of the equipment, the following priorities have been established with regard to all operations in autumn and winter time for snow removal and the preparation of the airport elements:

Clearance of the runway and the runway shoulders (for a width of 10 M from the runway edge), of the taxiways in use, of the apron, of the runway and stopway lights, as well as the preparation of the LOC and GP areas;
Preparation of the unpaved back-up runway, clearance of the parking stands, of the rest of the taxiways for a width of 10 M and of the area next to the terminal building;
Clearance of the stopways for half of their length, of the runway shoulders (for a width of 25 M from the runway edge), of the shoulders of parking stands and aprons with slopes planned, approaches to radio communications and fuel-lubricant points, of inner airport roads and other work.

2.2 Coordination of snow removal

For keeping the movement areas operational, the aerodrome service cooperates with the ATC service.

2.3 Dissemination of information on snow conditions

The information about the conditions of the movement areas is issued by SNOWTAM. The AIS, after receiving information about the runway conditions at the aerodromes included in this AIP, publishes a SNOWTAM for these aerodromes and sends it to the appropriate authorities, including those of foreign states. Information about the runway conditions shall be issued to departing and to arriving crews by TWR.

2.4 Dissemination of information about wet runways and runways covered by standing water not associated with snow or ice

Information on wet runways and runways covered by standing water not associated with snow or ice is contained in the SNOWTAM.

2.5 Maintenance of aerodrome movement areas

2.5.1 Responsibility

The airport authority is the organisation responsible for the operational maintenance of aerodrome pavement areas (snow and water removal, evaluating the serviceability of the aerodrome elements and any change of their status) and for presenting the relevant information.

2.5.2 Removal of snow

Snow and slush are removed by sweepers, rotary ploughs, motor grades, bulldozers and blowers. Ice is removed by thermal equipment and chemicals (or a combination of both methods). Standing water is, as a rule, removed by blowers and sweepers. Grading and snow compacting is done by motor graders, pneumatic rollers, planers and other equipment.

2.5.3 Measurement of snow and associated standing water

A metallic measuring rod will be used for measuring the depth of a layer of snow. The depth of standing water will be measured by the optical measuring rod OL-1 or a metallic measuring rod.

2.5.4 Measurement of braking action

The friction coefficient on runways will be measured with the SARSYS - STFT and ASFT devices and other devices. If aerodrome authority will use other braking action devices, those devices will be correlated to SARSYS - STFT and ASFT values. Based on these values the friction coefficient will be calculated as an average value for each third of the runway.

2.5.5 Reporting of braking action

The information on the braking action for each third of the runway starting with the runway threshold will be transmitted by SNOWTAMs. The information will be distributed in accordance with the following table:

Code	Ice and Snow		Operational Meaning
Code	Measured Friction Coefficient	Estimated Braking Action	Operational Meaning
5	0.40 and above	Good	Pilots can expect to land without directional control problems
4	0.39 – 0.36	Medium to Good	Directional control might be impaired
3	0.35 – 0.30	Medium	Directional control might be impaired
2	0.29 – 0.26	Medium to Poor	Directional control will be poor
1	0.25 and below	Poor	Directional control will be poor

2.5.6 Improvement of braking action

In order to improve the braking action, additional measures are taken to clear pavements using mechanical equipment and chemicals as indicated in para 2.5.2, AD 1.2 Removal of snow.